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Nickel Smelting and Refining IFC
ted in the roasting, smelting, and converting of sulfide ores. (Nickel sulfide concentrates contain 6–20% nickel and up to 30% sulfur.) SO. 2. releases can be as high as 4 metric tons (t) of sulfur diox-ide per metric ton of nickel produced, before con-trols. Reverberatory furnaces and electric furnaces produce SO. 2. concentrations of 0.5
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Nickel processing Extraction and refining Britannica
Nickel requires higher smelting temperatures (in the range of 1,350 °C [2,460 °F]) in order to produce an artificial nickel-iron sulfide known as matte, which contains 25 to 45 percent nickel. In the next step, iron in the matte is converted to an oxide, which combines with a silica flux to form a slag.
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Environmental Guidelines for Nickel Smelting and Refining
inert anodes is the more common refining process used for nickel. Chloride electrolytes are used although sulfuric acid solutions are used more often. Waste Characteristics Air emissions Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a major air pollutant emitted in the roasting, smelting and converting of sulfide ores (nickel sulfide concentrates contain 6-20%
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Nickel sulphide smelting and electrorefining practice: A
Nov 14, 2007 Details of smelting and refining practice are provided for the three largest nickel producers. For completeness, other extractionprocesses involving a mixed sulphide, pellets from the carbonyl process, nickel powders, and briquettes are noted in the compendium of nickel processing practice, which includes pyrometallurgical principles.
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Nickel: smelting, producing-Metalpedia
Outotec® Nickel Flash Smelting Process is a benchmark nickel-smelting method and a clear global leader in the world’s primary nickel production from sulfide raw materials. Efficiency and improved environmental and in-plant hygiene have been the guiding principles in developing the process.
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Smelting of Nickel Sulfide Concentrates by Roasting and
As a fundamental study to elucidate the behavior of several minor elements in the oxygen-smelting process of nickel sulfide ore, equilibrium distributions of Cu, Ag, Co, As, Sb and Bi between the
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